Here’s Why Pundits and Lawmakers Are Worried About So-Called Deepfake Videos
House lawmakers are working to flush out the risks and dangers so-called deepfake videos pose to political elections and society.
Democratic Rep. Adam Schiff of California says the videos are a new type of artificial intelligence capable of giving bad actors access to tools of deception.
Schiff, who chairs the House Intelligence Committee, also suggested the technology could allow Russian agents to elevate misinformation campaigns.
“What is a proportionate response should the Russians release a deepfake of Joe Biden to try to diminish his candidacy?” Schiff asked Thursday during a House Intelligence Committee hearing.
He was addressing congressional colleagues and experts Danielle Citron, a professor of law at the University of Maryland, and Jack Clark, policy director at Open AI.
Rep. Devin Nunes, the ranking Republican on the committee, also expressed concern about the videos, but had also had big questions about how controlling the technology could itself be used for partisan purposes, according to The Hill.
In the hands of tech companies, which are known for liberal bias, filters for deepfake videos would be controlled by “left-wing” partisans, he said.
“How do you put in filters to these tech oligarch companies?” he asked at one point. “[M]ost of the time it is conservatives who get banned and not Democrats.”
Deepfakes are effectively videos that look real but are actually highly manipulated creations. Lawmakers began sounding alarms about the technology in January, with some experts warning they will be the next phase in disinformation campaigns.
Democrats and pundits criticized former New York City Mayor Rudy Giuliani in May for circulating a manipulated video of House Speaker Nancy Pelosi. The video was slowed down and designed to make Pelosi sound and look drunk. YouTube removed the video but Facebook left it up.
Things elevated further after an Israeli startup called Canny AI posted a deepfake video on Instagram on June 9 portraying Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg saying: “Imagine this for a second: One man, with total control of billions of people’s stolen data, all their secrets, their lives, their futures.”
Citron, a law professor at the University of Maryland, warned against banning the technology outright, but urged lawmakers to consider changing Section 230 of the Communication Decency Act, which currently allow social media companies broad immunity for the content that third parties post.
She said the law should be changed to require platforms to accept content moderation practices.
Some of the experts at the hearing have experience creating technologies allowing groups to produce deepfakes.
Clark’s group, for instance, published software in February called GPT2 that is capable of generating fake news from two sentences.
GPT2 is fed text and asked to write sentences based on learned predictions of what words might come next. Access to the GPT2 was provided to select media outlets, one of which was Axios, whose reporters fed words and phrases into the text generator and created an entirely fake news story.
OpenAI ultimately decided not to publish any of the code out of concern the product might be misused.
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A version of this article appeared on The Daily Caller News Foundation website.
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